Month: December 2024

Quantum sensing is an emerging field that leverages the unique quantum properties of particles, such as superposition, entanglement, and spin, to detect subtle changes in physical, chemical, or biological systems. A particularly promising class of quantum sensors is nanodiamonds (NDs) equipped with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers, which offer high sensitivity to various environmental factors, including magnetic fields, electric fields, and temperature. These NV centers, created by replacing a carbon atom with nitrogen near a lattice vacancy in a diamond structure, emit photons that preserve stable spin information. By using optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR), researchers can detect changes in these spin states, making NDs ideal for applications in quantum biosensing.

In a groundbreaking study published on December 16, 2024, in ACS Nano, scientists from Okayama University in Japan have developed a new class of nanodiamond sensors that are not only bright enough for bioimaging but also exhibit spin properties comparable to bulk diamonds. The study, led by Research Professor Masazumi Fujiwara from Okayama University, in collaboration with Sumitomo Electric Company and the National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, marks a significant advancement in the field of quantum sensing. “This is the first demonstration of quantum-grade NDs with exceptionally high-quality spins, a long-awaited breakthrough in the field,” says Prof. Fujiwara. “These NDs possess properties that have been highly sought after for quantum biosensing and other advanced applications.”

Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, have emerged as a promising tool in the development of sustainable plastics, such as Perspex, by producing citramalate—a key component in plastic production. Researchers from the University of Manchester have demonstrated that these photosynthetic microorganisms can convert CO2, a major greenhouse gas, into valuable materials. This breakthrough could accelerate the creation of eco-friendly plastic alternatives traditionally made from fossil fuel-derived chemicals, supporting the transition to a circular bioeconomy that reduces waste and carbon emissions.

Cyanobacteria are tiny organisms that harness sunlight to convert CO2 into organic matter, offering a sustainable method to produce valuable products without relying on agricultural resources like sugar or corn. Despite their potential, the slow growth and limited efficiency of cyanobacteria have hindered their large-scale industrial use.

Imagine trying to float a soap bubble through a sandstorm without it popping. This is a rough analogy for the extraordinary achievement of Northwestern University researchers in the field of quantum communications. Instead of a delicate soap bubble, these scientists have successfully protected individual particles of light—carrying quantum information—from being overwhelmed by conventional internet traffic.

For years, experts believed that quantum communications would require a completely separate infrastructure, isolated from the busy highways of traditional internet traffic. However, these researchers have proven otherwise, demonstrating that quantum and classical signals can coexist on the same fiber optic cables without disrupting each other. This breakthrough is poised to accelerate the development of quantum networks, offering a more practical and cost-effective route for the future of communication.

A team of researchers from the University of Melbourne’s Caruso Nanoengineering Group has developed an innovative drug delivery system with significant potential to revolutionize drug development. The new system, known as a metal–biomolecule network (MBN), consists of a coordination network made up entirely of metal ions and biomolecules, eliminating the need for complex drug “carriers.” This breakthrough could offer a simpler, more efficient, and safer alternative for a wide range of biomedical applications.

Published in Science Advances, the research was led by Melbourne Laureate Professor and NHMRC Leadership Fellow Frank Caruso, from the Department of Chemical Engineering, along with Research Fellows Dr. Wanjun Xu and Dr. Zhixing Lin, who share first authorship. The MBN nanoparticles are created by combining non-toxic metal ions (such as calcium and iron, which are naturally absorbed through the diet) with phosphonate biomolecules like DNA. These nanoparticles are chemically and metabolically stable, and have demonstrated antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties.