Detecting Aircraft Before There Was Radar

radar 1

How air attacks were detected before  radar.

Beginning in the middle of the 1930s, engineering labs in the U.S. and Europe were experimenting with radar systems. Early radars did not have the slick plan position indicator (PPI) displays that modern systems use for plotting target movement for indication of azimuth (direction) and range (distance). Instead, oscilloscopes showed radar returns as amplitude blips along a time base that represented range. Azimuth was determined by where the operator pointed the antenna (rotating versions came later). Since radar cross section stealth technology had not been invented yet, the amplitude of the signal was useful a measure of the size of the target. (Pics)

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Calories Posted on Menus Makes Little Difference in What Children and Teens Order

calories on menus

Children and adolescents noticed the calories posted on the menu but the calorie counts made little difference.

Requiring fast-food restaurants in New York City to post calorie counts on menus did little to cut the number of calories children and teens consumed, U.S. researchers said on Tuesday.

 

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Switching to IPv6 Near as the World Runs Out of IP Addresses

Ipv6

Internet Protocol version 6

Who could have guessed that 4.3 billion Internet connections wouldn’t be enough?  Certainly not Vint Cerf.

In 1976, Mr. Cerf and his colleagues in the R.& D. office of the Defense Department had to make a judgment call: how much network address space should they allocate to an experiment connecting computers in an advanced data network?

 

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emPower Electronic Corrective Eyeglasses to Replace Progressive Lenses and Bifocals

electronic eyeglasses

The emPower glasses use liquid crystals to avoid the problems of bifocals.

A new device may be joining smartphones, iPads and music players that you have to charge overnight: electronic eyeglasses. These glasses have tiny batteries, microchips and assorted electronics to turn reading power on when you need it and off when you don’t.

 

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The More Unusual Your Username the Easier it is For Marketers and Scammers to Track You

computer caution

Your unusual username could allow marketers and scammers to build a more complex picture of you.

By creating a distinctive username—and reusing it on multiple websites—you may be giving online marketers and scammers a simple way to track you. Four researchers from the French National Institute of Computer Science (INRIA) studied over 10 million usernames—collected from public Google profiles, eBay accounts, and several other sources. They found that about half of the usernames used on one site could be linked to another online profile, potentially allowing marketers and scammers to build a more complex picture the users.

 

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Sexual Reproduction in Space Will Likely be Impossible Says Nasa

reproduction in space

Sexual reproduction is likely to be impossible in space due to cosmic radiation bombarding the human body.

Researchers at the agency’s Ames Research Centre in California found that without effective shielding on spacecraft, powerful proton particles would probably sterilize any female embryo conceived in deep space.

The Search is On for a Giant New Planet Hiding on the Outer Edge of Our Solar System

tyche

Researchers propose new planet “Tyche” on distant fringe of solar system.

If you grew up thinking there were nine planets and were shocked when Pluto was demoted five years ago, get ready for another surprise. There may be nine after all, and Jupiter may not be the largest.

 

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Doctors Warn Energy Drinks Putting Consumers at Risk as Sales Soar

energy-drink

Around the world there are signs that for some people who consume these drinks, there are side effects.

With Americans chugging energy drinks like never before, fears are growing among doctors that the ingredients might be putting some consumers at risk.   The beverages contain a hodgepodge of caffeine, sugar and dietary supplements such as vitamins and herbal extracts, whose effects aren’t well understood.

 

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‘Hormonal’ Women Have Prettier Faces

face-estrogen

Typical female face with high (left) and low (right) oestrogen levels

Women with high levels of the sex hormone oestrogen have prettier faces, research suggests.  The findings make evolutionary sense – men are attracted to the most fertile women, the University of St Andrews team told a Royal Society journal. (pics)

 

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